Ohio Environmental Council: Green Group Wants Oceangoing Ships Banned From Great Lakes

CLEVELAND (TDB) -- Ohio's largest private environmental organization has signed on with a coalition calling for a ban of ocean-going freighters on the Great Lakes until Congress enacts stiff requirements that would protect the lakes from invasive species. Right now, there are 185 non-native species known to have found homes in North America's freshwater inland seas, and scientists believe 54 arrived by way of ballast water discharges from ocean-going ships. Large seagoing freighters first gained access to the lakes in 1959 when the St. Lawrence Seaway opened.

The Ohio Environmental Council says Congress has dallied while the problems get worse and the solutions grow more costly. It said obtaining strong legislation is its top priority for the lakes this year, and said environmentalists can no longer be complacent about the aquatic degradation.

John Marshall, the Ohio Environmental Council's board president, told members in a newsletter this month that his group is concerned more damage can be done by yet-to-arrive creatures joining foreign pests such as zebra and quagga mussels and round gobi. Meanwhile, the OEC newsletter reported:

"Invasive species are the most pressing issues facing the Great Lakes region, causing more than $5 billion a year in damages. The true cost, however, extends far beyond that. They pose an unrelenting threat to the health of the Great Lakes ecosystem and economy . . .

"Once a new species establishes itself, it is almost impossible to remove and incredibly difficult to contain. In instances where an invasive species is controlled, efforts must be sustained over the long term to keep it from making a comeback. Continued introductions and the spread of already established species will only compound the challenged and costs of dealing with invasive species unless something is done immediately to stop the problem at its source."

A letter went out to Congress in May from a coalition of green groups that demanded action and called for the shipping moratorium. If the moratorium ever takes hold, it would add about $5 billion in alternative shipping costs each year to move cargo that now is carried by ocean-going vessels that sail upon the lakes. Trains, trucks, barges and traditional laker steamships presumably would pick up the slack -- so the ban might add revenues and profits to those types of domestic transportation businesses. Virtually every oceangoing ship on the lakes sails under a foreign flag. The $5 billion estimate is from the Healing Our Waters Great Lakes Coalition, which supports the proposed moratorium.

Grim News For Great Lakes: 183rd Invasive Species Found

CLEVELAND (TDB) -- A small shrimp with a big appetite for microscopic animals at the bottom of the freshwater food chain has colonized the Great Lakes. Large concentrations of the invaders were found in November and January. Scientists say the shrimp, Hemimysis anomala, is native to rivers in Eastern Europe, the same region where zebra mussels originated. The shrimp is the 183rd species to invade the lakes, and there are concerns it could disrupt the food supply that fish depend on for survival.

Others think that native fish might find the recently spotted newcomers a tasty crustacean on the menu. But for now, most scientists seem to be in the bad news camp. In the past, zebra mussels, quagga mussels, gobi and lamprey eels -- among the many prior invaders -- usually produce ill effects on the natural environment.

Nobody is sure how the so-called "bloody red" shrimp entered the lakes, but researchers suspect they came in ships' ballast waters. The crustaceans are about a half-inch long, they live near shoreline waters, and females were breeding in Lake Michigan in November. The National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration received a report in mid-January that another concentration had been found in southeastern Lake Ontario.

Photos of the shrimp are HERE on the Web site of NOAA's Great Lakes environmental research lab in Ann Arbor, Mich. A map HERE shows where the concentrations have been located and gives some details about the sightings.

NOAA has a fact sheet about the bloody reds HERE that offers information about their life-style habits and recent intrusion. The shrimp's appearance in the lakes raises questions about how effective ballast-water dumping regs are working. Transatlantic cargo ships are expected to dump ballast water from foreign sources before entering the lakes. But some does get through and harbors alien stowaways.

Researchers at McGill University in Canada have projected that the Great Lakes are extremely vulnerable to 17 species from Eastern Europe. This is the first on the list to show up.

The Great Lakes are home to a small North American shrimp called mysid. They won't be competing directly with the new shoreline hugging arrivals because they live in deeper, cooler waters. So far, the invaders have not been found in Lake Erie. But that could change rapidly.